Coated belt



Patented June 2, 1953 2,640,366 OGAIIED BELT mil H. Knuthl Ment r, hio, -assial .9 't0s 1 a nd A ka ilG m any, Cleueland, plura -el pursue er elaware NoaD'rawingr Application May1-0 ,-1850;- I Serial No. 161,253..

ZCIaims. (01. 745-231) 1 inven n. relates 1 9;,PQWQR raansmissien belts combined with mea to mhrq e. t e tree: n: limpet-t es. thelle fi- T i is a n inuat em impart of co pending -.application ,,sei No, 32am, fi ed. June 1. anun wan o ed.

- Belts em yed. in powe tran s n sys em customarilye manu a tur d .fr mleatb r 1 7 lulosie fibrousmaterials, suchascanvas duck, or fno nna combination of canvas duck with natural or synthetic rubber. transmi t ng. belts to function o rly and efficiently, it is necessary that the surfaces of such belts in contact with the drivingv surfaces. of plllleyslhave a relatively high coefiicient of frictionfand moreover, thatsuch belts bekeptin In order for these power a soft p iarble condition ;in order that they .fit

snuglylagainstflthe, drive. pulley and the driven pli1l,,e y,in order that the belts present a maximum mowertransmitti e sur ace to such pulleys- The fprqblem presented .by belts made from rubber. for the rnost part one; of preserving goodtraction, since .thesebelts are by their very nature. substantially impervious to. lubricating oils, a.nd moreover are destroyed or seriously darnlagedby. such oils. However, beltsmade from libteu's} materials are particularly sensitive to internal. stresses caused .hythe continual flexing ofthe belt in servicayvhichflexing in turn causes thaiibeis of the. belt to more in contact withone another, thereby setting up internal friction: which destroys the fiber structure and decreases. thelire of thebelt. "The problem of lubricatingaleather or! can as elt. inte n l hile simultaneously providingthe surfaces .of fsuch'v belts .witha sumciently high coefiicientof frictionto-nr ventslim pageof thebelt upon the drivingor' driyen pulleys,

is ...e '.efore.a material one.

Whe e natural oilsdrfats areap o a b t qfrleather or canvas material in order to provide the necessary internal lubrication and to impart thedegree of pliability which is necessary in order that the belt fit snugly against the drivingor driven bulleys, the belt will necessarily slip upon these pulleys byvir-tue of the lubricated contact surfaces and a material amount-ofpower loss 51611 'up'qn the. belt is required than normally in order that thsameamount-Of power maybe transferred .I rom the driving pulleyto t e dri n.

pulley. This added strain been. the bearing f hepuneys, Qf Icours iicre'ase w er a d anger of breakdownat these point c The prior artlsolutiontolthese preb e n has which, in, fact, areudet aiemsve relatively tion pf he suriac ih rlisimrm f effe ue lrf t mfb lubricatesu h b lts rin ernally any-Qt art compositionsflhave contained ingre, e

mate ials'anexample f @is' th L common substance, 5m n or colophony tho the friction propertie v of. this, substance. areuecy. good. While rosin impartsa highcuticle friction t0.fibrousb1t uri:@$,;it$: lgh point,.(.120-.l30 0.). and crystal-.-like. orm;- onebinedrender its use upon suehsuriaces uncle 12,-. able under working conditions, since the particles of thi substance are destruction oLthe. belting. material. The net resultof these prior art p o; cedures has been thegobtaining of relatively traction, whileat the same time causing an i? creased cost of replacement of the belting mate'-' rial or sacrificing good-traction properties-- for excessiveinternal lubricationi Thespresent inventionis directed" to belts have ing improved traction properties, which' inchidesurface. applied chlorinatedparaffin wax; said hl rinated r. parafiin wax. containing from-1.35 t 7 5 f chemically combinedlc'h'lorina According to the present invention, the :probl'em' Of an internallylubricatedsfibrous belt, which, si ultane us y h s (pull y. centactina surface-sot improved traction pr0l3r iS,,has been; solved a satisfactory and; relatively simple manne ry Where internal lubrication of tnebeltinamate l is necessary, as, for example, in the belts Ina factured irom either leather -orcanyas,.-such;i nterna1 lubrication is. readih'r.v prov i dedQwi theut destroying the relatively highccoeflicient.oflfrics. tion necessary to good tract on; with the. result? hat a maximum efiicie'ncyof powertranster bio the'surfaces of the belt. in contactflwithivsuchl pulleys is obtained, I Increasedttraction .ishlso' hara t ristic of" the' belts of. this .mventioiil whether ashion d. of canvasfleather orrubbers. which ma be natural or synthetiu, The be ts. of the. present. further advantage that. the lubricating-find dress ing composition. is. nonsinflammable. andsthfile; fore will not, under conditions. of highirictio here much heat. is. .generated,-. or statio -Yelenatricity, where. sparking-l. maybe; encounter Y Present as F m ny r rio .11 dressed belts and will. at the same timelimp art. flaunesw of. the material applied.

still another advanta esobtains hom -the fact;

r us d somewhat in mpq -ti utp the am bunt;-

h t he-.l bt eeliusa ser ssins.matematorthe on-haw the present invention may be used in the form of solid, semi-solid paste or as liquid. In the solid form, it may be cast as a stick or bar, or it may be comminuted and applied to a belt in the form of a powder. In this latter form, it is especially effective when used on rubber belts, or previouslylubricated canvas or leather belts. Because of the various forms in which it may be used, the

lubricating and dressing material and the belts treated therewith may be adapted to a wide variety of conditions of use, depending upon the skill of the worker, the method of application, conditions under which a particular belt may be required to operate, and the like.

The chlorinated paraffin waxes suitable for use the present invention, and containing an amount of chemically combined chlorine within the range of 35% to 75%, possess various degrees of viscosity, dependent upon the amount of chemically combined chlorine therein. For example,- within the range of 35% to 55 of chemically combined chlorine, the chlorinated paraffin waxes are viscous liquids; from 55% to 65% of chemically combined chlorine, they vary from viscous liquids to semi-solids; and finally, from 65% to 75 of chemically combined chlorine, they are relatively hard resinous solids at room temperature, becoming somewhat plastic at 8590 C. and viscous liquids at 95100 C. The liquid chlorinated waxes, i. e., those materials containing from 35% to approximately 55% of chemically combined chlorine, while improving the traction of leather or canvas belts, particularly where suiiicient time is allowed for the liquid materials to penetrate into the fibers of the belts, are more desirable as internal lubricants. The liquid materials may also be used as plasticizers for the semi-solid or resinous solid chlorinated paraffin waxes, especially where it is desired to have the belt dressing in a semi-solid paste, or readily fusible solid form, and especially for the combination of enhanced friction and internal lubrication which is provided. All of the chlorinated paraffin wax materials within the range of approximately 55% to 75% of chemically combined chlorine possess the property of increasing the coefficient of friction of surfaces to which they are applied. Hence, an increase in the traction of solid surfaces in contact with one another is obtained, where such surfaces have been thinly coated with these materials. v

The chlorinated paraffin waxes containing from 35% to 75% of chemically combined chlorine may also be used in combination with other organic materials which have heretofore been found suitable as ingredients for belt dressing compositions. For example, the resinous solid or semi-solid materials may beused in combination with lubricating oils selected from the group consisting of animal or vegetable oils, possessing at least some degree of olefinic unsaturation, such as neatsfoot oil, castor oil, or the like, or they may be used in combination with waxes selected from the group consisting of animal or vegetable waxes, such as beeswax or carnauba wax. When these oils and waxes are employed in the liquid compositions of the present invention in conjunction with the solid chlorinated materials, sufficient time should be allowed after application to permit substantially complete penetration of the natural oils into the belt, thereby retaining a thin film comprising the solid chlorinated materials upon the traction surfaces thereof. thermore, in carrying the present invention into effect, it is preferred, where the situation indicates that oils or waxes, other than the chlorinated paraffin waxes, are to be used in combination with the chlorinated paraflin waxes, that such lubricating oils be selected from the classes indicated above for the reason that such oils and waxes contain at least some degree of oleiinic unsaturation, which unsaturation is presently thought to impart a certain degree of stability to the chlorinated paraifin waxes under the conditions of use.

Where a fibrous belting material to be treated is either new or has become dried out during service, it is preferred that the belt dressing be in liquid or in semi-solid paste form, for example, a combination of a chlorinated paraffin wax containing between 35% and of chemically combined chlorine with a natural oil, such as neats-foot or castor oil, plus relatively minor amounts of a resinous solid chlorinated paraifin wax containing between and of chemically combined chlorine. Where the liquid form is preferred, the solid resinous chlorinated material need not be mixed with the combination of liquid chlorinated paraffin wax and animal or vegetable lubricating oil, but may instead be applied in powder form to the traction surfaces of the belt after it has been put'into service. The semi-solid paste form may be made by combining suitable amounts of liquid chlorinated paraffin wax containing between 35% and 55% of chemically combined chlorine and a lubricating animal or vegetable oil, together with sufficient comminuted resinous solid chlorinated paraflin wax to bring the paste to the desired consistency.

Thesolid chlorinated parafiin wax materials have been found especially suitable where there is an indication of an immediate need for increased traction of the belt. Thus, where there are indications of slippage of a fiat belt of rubber impregnated canvas, it has been found advantageous to apply a quantity of the comminuted solid resinous material, such as by blowing or dusting the powder onto the traction surfaces of the belt, while such belt is in use, until the indications of slippage have disappeared. Generally a very light dusting in this manner is sufficient to remove substantially all of the slippage due to contamination of the traction surfaces of the belt by relatively slight amounts of oil or other lubricant material. Where V-belts of rubber and fabric composition are involved and it is necessary to eliminate friction while such belts are in operation, it has been found suitable to dust the belts in the manner indicated above for the fiat rubber belt, or to prepare a, stick or bar of the solid resinous chlorinated paraffin waxes in combination with relatively minor amounts of a liquid chlorinated paraffin wax, such as that containing between 35% and 55% of chemically combined chlorine, together with some neats-foot or castor oil or the like. The liquid materials of this composition have a tendency to lower the fusion point of the solid resinous chlorinated material, so that when the stick or bar is held in contact with the V-belt, the friction of the belt travelling over the stick or bar of the belt dressing material generates sufiicient heat to fuse a small portion of the surface thereof and thereby deposit a very thin film of the dressing material upon the traction surfaces of the belt.

In order that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and the nature of the compositions of matter suitable for carrying the same into effect, the following specific examples are offered:

Example I 87 /2 parts of a chlorinated parafiin wax containing 70% of chemically combined chlorine and 13 parts of a 1:1 mixture of beeswax and neatsfoot oil are combined in a suitable container and heated, while being agitated, to a temperature of approximately 110 0., until a uniform liquid mixture is obtained. This liquid, while still hot, is poured into a 6-inch paper tube, inch in diameter, and allowed to cool and solidify. Thereafter, a portion of the paper tube is peeled oil, exposing a suitable length of the stick of the belt dressing material. This exposed portion is placed in contact with a moving V-belt of rubber canvas combination. Fusion of the belt dressing material takes place where the moving belt comes in contact with the belt dressing stick and a thin, uniform film of the belt dressing material is deposited upon the belt.

Example II '70 parts of a chlorinated parafiin wax containing 40% of chemically combined chlorine are combined with 10 parts of neats-foot oil and 20 parts of chlorinated paraf in wax containing 66% of chemically combined chlorine. This mixture is heated to approximately 110 to 120 C. with agitation until a uniform viscous liquid mixture is obtained and the mixture thereafter is allowed to cool. Upon cooling, it is found that the belt dressing composition thus prepared is a very viscous liquid. A portion of this material is applied by brushing to a used, dried-out, leather belt approximately inch thick. The composition is left on the belt for a period of approximately 4 hours and it is found that the belt is noticeably more pliable than it was prior to this treatment and shows very good traction when in use under load. The traction of this belt is somewhat increased when comminuted chlorinated paraffin wax containing approximately 70% of chemically combined chlorine is applied to the traction surfaces of the belt by blowing a suspension of the chlorinated paraffin wax in air, and under slight pressure, onto these surfaces.

Example III A portion of the liquid belt dressing as prepared in Example II is combined with comminuted chlorinated paraffin wax containing 65% of chemically combined chlorine, the amount of the comminuted chlorinated parafiin wax being about 1%; times the weight of the liquid material from Example II, by agitating the mixture until a thick viscous material of the consistency of putty is obtained. This mixture is applied to the traction surfaces of a leather belt by rubbing with cotton waste saturated with the belt dressing material. After allowing about 24 hours for the penetration of the lubricants into the belt fibers, there is an increased degree of traction of the belt when operating under load.

Example IV A 1:1 mixture of carnauba wax and castor oil is substituted for the mixture of beeswax and neats-foot oil in the composition of Example I; the same method of heating and agitating the mixture of chlorinated paraffin wax, carnauba.

wax, and castor oil is used. When this composition is cast into stick form, as in Example I, and applied to a moving belt, substantially the same results are thereby obtained.

Example V A V-belt is driven by a variable speed cone pulley, the speed variations being obtained by means of pulleys of different diameters arranged concemrically upon an axle. Tension on the V- belt is .aiaintained by means of a crown pulley held firmly against the apex of the belt by tension upon a spring actuated lever attached to the pulley. At low or high speeds, the apex of the V-belt rides the crown pulley in the region of the ends thereof. slippage of the belt upon the crown pulley at low or high speeds results in the belt being disengaged from the crown pulley. Solid comminuted chlorinated parafiin wax containing 70% of chemically combined chlorine is applied to the belt; immediately thereafter, the belt rides smoothly in place upon the crown pulley without slippage, no disengaging therefrom taking place even after several months service without additional applications of chlorinated paraffin wax.

t will be apparent to those skilled in the art, particularly in view of the disclosure and of the specific examples hereinabove set forth, that other variations in dressed power transmission belts are possible within the spirit of the invention, and hence, that there has been obtained by the present invention a high degree of adaptability thereof to the myriad of situations prevailing in actual use. It will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that the active ingredients for imparting a greater degree of traction to belting materials in operation are the chlorinated paraffin waxes and that it is therefore possible to practice the teachings of the present invention without the necessity for here setting forth innumerable additional specific embodiments thereof which would necessarily result in undue prolixity of the present disclosure. Further, it is intended that each element recited in any of the following claims is to be understood as referring to all equivalent elements for accomplishing substantially the same results in substantially the same or equivalent manner, it being intended to cover the invention broadly in whatever form its principle may be utilized.

What is claimed is:

1. A power transmitting belt of improved traction properties, said belt having a fibrous base impregnated with a lubricating oil and a traction surface coating consisting of chlorinated paraffin wax containing from 35% to of chemically combined chlorine, a portion of said chlorinated wax lying on the surface of said belt and a portion thereof being below the surface thereof.

2. A power transmitting belt as claimed in claim 1 wherein the chlorinated paraflin wax contains between 65% and 75% of chemically combined chlorine.

EMIL H. KN'UTI-I.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,326,233 Leatherman Aug. 10, 1943 2,496,745 Olson Feb. 7, 1950 

